discoursology

23 May 2009

Citizenship

Filed under: education, politics — Tags: , , — discoursology @ 10:12

Interesting talk at Birkbeck yesterday by Sigal Ben-Porath on citizenship and citizentship education. Is it, she was asking, more a matter of “identity”, i.e. vertical identification with the nation or state; prioritising beliefs and attitudes, and implying an exclusory attachment to particular symbolic forms? Or is it more or more a matter of what she termed “shared fate”, i.e. horizontal affiliations and connections with other individuals; prioritising actions, shared histories and institutions and the shared project of definining attachments, and implying a pluralist step beyond “community cohesion”?

Mex vs. BC (Born Citizen) also take a look at these two understandings:

…the latino comedy project

15 May 2009

Political / gas satire in Russia

Filed under: politics, russia — Tags: , , , — discoursology @ 00:08

And they say political satire in Russia is dead..

Option 1: it never died.

Option 2: it has been resurrected under Medvedev

…video thanks to oldag

25 April 2009

Agency as interactive achievement

Filed under: discourse theory — Tags: , , , , — discoursology @ 10:27

Linguists are doing excellent micro-analytic work demonstrating in detail how ‘agency’ is so often the doings of several people in interaction, rather than the preserve and action of one specific individual and an intrinsic part of her_his identity. I do wonder whether this strikes a chord in other parts of society. Are we witnissing a broader acceptance of the notion of the decentred subject?

New article: Najma Al Zidjaly (2009) Agency as an interactive achievement. In Language in Society, 38: 177-200.

ABSTRACT

This study explores how agency emerges and is negotiated moment by moment in interaction by applying Erving Goffman’s notion of production format to an extended sequence of discourse that revolves around accomplishing a conjoint action: the rewriting of an official letter. Deconstructing the participants into the social roles they undertake in accomplishing this task illustrates what is involved in exercising agency: interactively negotiating production format roles and footing shifts through several linguistic strategies aimed at either claiming, ratifying, or rejecting the participants’ agency. These include providing options, negotiating production format roles, asking questions, speaking for another, questioning and asserting expertise, providing counter-arguments, and asserting past agentive selves. This study, thus, contributes to an understanding of agency as co-constructed, mediated, and continually negotiated, while also identifying specific linguistic strategies through which agency is negotiated in interaction.

(agency, disability, production format, social actor, conjoint action, linguistic strategies)

17 April 2009

Police assault during G20

Filed under: discourse theory, journalism, politics — Tags: , , , — discoursology @ 21:20

G20. London. 1 April. A police officer assaults Ian Tomlinson, pushing him from behind. He falls to the ground. Shortly after, he dies. An official police statement announces he died from the effects of a heart attack. Apparently, another police statement says that protesters hindered medics from helping him. Findings of a second postmortem released today show that Tomlinson died from an abdominal haemorrhage.

The Guardian’s video of the incident, including slow version and commentary:

This event offers a quick academic or student a perfect opportunity for some ‘investigative discourse analysis’ (let’s call it IDA). Meaning: gather the news coverage texts from the “critical discourse moment” (Chilton), i.e., the initial incident. How was it reported? how quickly did Ian Tomlinson’s death disappear from the media radar?

Optimally, to contextualize the textual analysis in wider relations and practices, conduct some interviews with key actors (journalists, editors, police spokespeople, political spokespeople working during the G20 meeting…). The incident is still recent; they will be able to give the analyst a clear and legitimate version of what they recall.

Off to press with the analysis.

31 March 2009

Projection onto Moscow

Filed under: journalism, media, politics, russia — Tags: , , , , — discoursology @ 20:10

Here we are, in a time of crisis, and once again Russia operates as a space onto which “western” (in this case, German) fears can be projected.

Moscow, so the German state television channel ZDF tells its viewers (at prime time this evening), is a city of mega-rich and shockingly-poor. While the rich ignore the crisis and continue to party, drink champagne and eat caviar (fade in: image of ballroom dancing, tuxedos, etc), the poor get poorer (fade in: image of poor homeless couple, freezing, being picked up by the police).

The strong implication of the rhetoric in the opening minutes of this “documentary” is that these issues are specific to Moscow’s glittering elite.

Such excess would never be relevant in Germany or anywhere else in the West/North, now would it? Especially not during a financial crisis.

Or would it:

  • Partyelite Berlin. Vodka only 60 € for 1 litre
  • “JPMorgan Chase, beneficiary of $25 billion in taxpayer bailout dollars, plans to spend $138 million for swank corporate jets and a new hangar”
  • AIG’s infamous payout of $165 million in bonuses in this same crisis year. (Plus public backlash)
  • Sir Fred Goodwin’s pension of £703,000-a-year. The former chief executive of the Royal Bank of Scotland’s “departure from RBS was negotiated on the weekend of October 11/12 [2008] when the bank was saved from collapse by an injection of £20bn by the taxpayer.”
  • “Bob Diamond, the hard-charging boss of Barclays’ investment banking arm [...] has suffered a brutal £4m cut to his annual remuneration – leaving him last year with a meagre £17m in cash and shares.”
  • Josef Ackerman, Deutsch Bank boss, also took a massive 90% pay cut, leaving him with only 1.39 million euros ($1.89 million) earnings last year.

And at the same time:

  • “Numbers of Homeless Increase as Nation’s Financial Crisis Continues” (USA)
  • “From June 2007 through May [2008], PADS [Lake County's homeless shelter] saw a 17 percent increase from the previous year in new clients and a 48 percent increase in children.” (USA)
  • Estimates place Germany’s number of homeless people between 300,000 and 860,000. (More on Günter Wallraff’s experiences)

29 March 2009

Blogs vs. joint action?

Filed under: journalism, politics — Tags: , , — discoursology @ 20:29

A thought I’ve been having recently is mirrored in a New York Times commentary on the lack of riots in the face of the current financial mess:

The texture of discontent (or lack thereof) can say a lot about a nation, and that Americans today are less likely to rebel may not be an entirely positive sign.

It certainly doesn’t mean we have more love, patience or tolerance for one another. Indeed, it may mean just the opposite, that we tend not to trust one another and that we are more alienated from our neighbors than ever before. The lack of direct action could signal the weakening of a social contract that keeps people meaningfully invested in the fate of our country — which may, in turn, be hindering our ability to resolve this crisis.

Before blogs and radio call-in shows, people joined forces and turned to the streets as their most effective means of expression; a unified, angry crowd was often sufficient to win concessions from employers and governments. And so most rebellions of the 20th century were over bread-and-butter issues like unsafe work conditions, wages and high prices for basic commodities. Even “race riots” were usually motivated by competition between ethnic groups over access to jobs and housing subsidies.

But some outbreaks of lawlessness were also indicators of strong, shared sentiments and were driven by a sense of higher purpose. [...] Today widespread anger and collective passivity exist side by side.

Where “passivity” means spending time with oneself and one’s internet/tv/radio/___________ (insert preferred form of media)?

After suggesting that at least one of the reasons that Americans are not acting out our anger is our personal shame about not being able to pay the mortgage or credit card bill, Sudhir Venkatesh ends with:

To restore our social bonds, each one of us must overcome our isolating feelings of embarrassment and humiliation and understand that this is a shared plight. We’ll also have to accept that anger, real anger, has a role to play in producing collective catharsis and fostering healing.

Fury, after all, can manifest itself in more productive ways than urban rioting or cable-TV ranting. Fury can inspire real protest, nonviolent civil disobedience, even good old-fashioned, town-hall meetings. That’s how we’ll recover our public life and perhaps help one another through this crisis — storming angrily into the streets and then, once we’re out there, actually talking to one another.

Sudhir Venkatesh, Professor of Sociology at Columbia, wrote the inticingly titled “Gang Leader for a Day: A Rogue Sociologist Takes to the Streets”.

27 March 2009

Discourse analyst on MTV

Filed under: discourse theory, education, media, politics — Tags: , , , , , , — discoursology @ 14:46

Yes, discourse analysis is fashionable enough for MTV. Simon Lindgren, Associate Professor of Sociology at Umeå University, Sweden, is starring in four short clips on Swedish MTV.

In the first one, I say a few words about reality television as a research subject. The second one is about the fact that one can actually make a career out of analyzing popular culture. The third one will appear before episodes of The Hills, and represents an ultra brief reflection on identity work and beauty culture. The fourth and final one will air before episodes of Life of Ryan, and gives an equally brief analysis of changing ideals of masculinity.

He is also presenting an interesting paper at the upcoming CAQR2009 (2nd International Conference on Computer-Aided Qualitative Research), which combines Laclau and Mouffe’s approach to discourse with bibliometric and network analytical tools — albeit focusing analysis on the print-textual level.

22 March 2009

“Dissident” – a resignification?

Something interesting happened in the news media last week.* After the fatal attacks on security forces in Northern Ireland on 9 and 10 Marc, the suspects were repeatedly referred to as “Irish Republican Army dissidents” (AP), “dissident republicans” (Guardian), “IRA dissidents” (The Star), “dissident republicans” (BBC), “dissident republican groups” (Telegraph), etc.

This fits with the standard dictionary definition of dissident (”disagreeing, esp, with an established government, system, etc.” according to the Oxford Concise Dictionary). But it does not fit with recent corpora, i.e., databases of the ways in which language is actually used. For example:

dissident

Note the distinct tendency for the majority of these “dissidents” to be positively valued (for a particular political position)? The dissidents are disagreeing with very particular types of governments and systems, and in a way which is pro-liberal, pro-democracy, pro-West and/or anti-Communist.

This is a random selection from the Collins WordbanksOnline English corpus (56 million words; contemporary written and spoken English). The British National Corpus (100 million words; British written and spoken English) returns similar results. (Oxford also now has a corpus, but they only have a video demo online.)

*It undoubtedly happened earlier, but I only became aware of it last week, reading the British coverage of the recent killings in Northern Ireland.

21 March 2009

Alice in Wonderland

Filed under: discourse theory — Tags: , , , , — discoursology @ 23:58

Žižek has had his influence. Impossible to watch Alice in Wonderland at the Kammerspiele in Berlin’s Deutsches Theater tonight without thinking of Althusser’s interpellation. The play provides a beautiful example of interpellation when the rabbit refers to Alice as his maid:

Why Mary Ann, what are you doing out here? Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan! Quick now!”

In the play (although not in the original book), Alice then contemplates what this means for her identity. She isn’t Mary Ann. Mary Ann is not who she is. But then, if the rabbit calls her Mary Ann perhaps she is Mary Ann after all. Etc.

Lovely moment in a nicely absurd play.

13 March 2009

Birkbeck: On the Idea of Communism

Filed under: discourse theory, politics — Tags: , , — discoursology @ 00:34

communismThe discoursologists are on tour. To London. Hanging out with Judith Balso, Alain Badiou, Bruno Bosteels, Terry Eagleton, Peter Hallward, Michael Hardt, Jean-Luc Nancy, Toni Negri, Jacques Ranciere, Alessandro Russo, Alberto Toscano, Gianni Vattimo and Slavoj Zizek until Sunday.

Older Posts »

Blog at WordPress.com.